Together with his brother John James is next to Andrew and Simon Peter, the first appointed disciples. The name James is a Latinized form of the name of the patriarch Jacob. The first called to make disciples in the New Testament has a special position among the disciples, because Jesus can participate in important events of his life. James, along with Peter and John on the Mount of Transfiguration, when Jesus speaks with Moses and Elijah, and in the garden of Gethsemane, he witnessed the desperation of Jesus in the face of his impending ordeal.
James and John received from Jesus because of their boisterous nature of the Aramaic nickname of Boanerges, which means sons of thunder. After the resurrection, James is with the other Apostles in Jerusalem. According to (Acts 12.1 f EU), he was executed during the reign of Herod Agrippa I about all Judea (41-44 AD) with the sword. Both the Mark and the Gospel of Matthew reflects his violent death.
To James entwined, particularly in Spain many legends. He was said to be the apostle, who preached to the Ascension of Jesus to the Iberian Peninsula. He allegedly recruited disciples with the prophecy that he would convert after his death, countless. During the trip, but he had so little success that one day, according to tradition, despondent and desperate on the territory of Saragossa I sat on the banks of the Ebro. When he made the decision to abort the mission, it will be the Virgin Mary appeared on a column and have assured him of their support.
another, for the cult of St. James in Santiago de Compostela basic legend gave his disciples the body of the Apostle to the beheading of a ship without crew, which later landed in Galicia in northwestern Spain. Helpers put him at further inland. Then the grave was forgotten. After the rediscovery in the 9th Century was also a chapel, later a church and eventually built the cathedral, around which developed the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela Jakob the tract.
late Since 9 Century, the apostle who became the national saint, attributed to increasing a military function. King Alfonso III. of Asturias (866-910) continued his winning return to the intervention of the saint. what was, in order to fight not only against Muslims but also against Christian enemies. [1] The conquest of the city of Coimbra in 1064 by King Ferdinand I of Castile and Leon was attributed to the help of the "soldiers of Christ" James. [2 ] One of late, from the 12th -Century legend, James, took in the year 844 in the Battle of Clavijo on the side of the Christians against the Moors, and led achieve victory, and he appeared as a knight on a white horse. [3] The Chronicles found many reports of this sort was nicknamed James Matamoros (Moor-slayer). In the late Middle Ages, it was depicted as a galloping knight. ¡Santiago y cierra, España! (Saint James and attack, Spain!) Was the traditional battle cry of the English army. In the early modern period, James was also in the conquest of America and in battles against the Turks, the helper function of the battle.
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